Back pain is a widespread condition that affects millions of people worldwide, ranging from mild discomfort to severe, debilitating pain. It can occur in any part of the back, but it is most commonly felt in the lower back (lumbar region). The pain can be caused by various factors, including muscle strain, poor posture, herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis.

One of the most common causes of back pain is muscle or ligament strain, often resulting from improper lifting, sudden movements, or long periods of poor posture. In other cases, the pain may stem from a herniated disc, where the soft inner material of a spinal disc protrudes and irritates nearby nerves, causing shooting pain, numbness, or tingling in the legs. Conditions like sciatica, where the sciatic nerve is compressed, can also lead to back pain that radiates down one or both legs.

Back pain can be acute (lasting a few days to weeks) or chronic (persisting for months or longer). Symptoms often include stiffness, limited range of motion, muscle spasms, and a dull or sharp pain that worsens with movement.

Treatment typically involves rest, physical therapy, pain relief medications, and lifestyle changes like strengthening exercises and ergonomic adjustments. Severe cases may require medical interventions, including injections or surgery.