Shoulder pain is a common condition that can range from mild discomfort to intense, debilitating pain, often affecting a person's ability to perform daily tasks. The shoulder is a complex joint made up of bones, tendons, muscles, and ligaments, which can all be sources of pain when injured or inflamed.

One of the most frequent causes of shoulder pain is rotator cuff injuries, which involve tears or strains of the muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder. Other common causes include tendonitis, bursitis (inflammation of the fluid-filled sacs that cushion the joint), and shoulder impingement syndrome, where the tendons become pinched. Injuries, such as dislocations or fractures, can also lead to acute shoulder pain.

Pain can be localized to the shoulder itself or radiate down the arm, depending on the severity of the injury or condition. The pain may worsen with certain movements, such as lifting the arm overhead, reaching behind the back, or sleeping on the affected side. Stiffness, weakness, and limited range of motion are also common symptoms.

Treatment typically includes rest, ice or heat therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery for more severe conditions. Maintaining good posture and strengthening shoulder muscles can help prevent recurring pain.